Electrostatic precipitator

ABSTRACT

A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator is comprised of a spring contact to engage at least one of the plates of one polarity to thereby connect those plates to a first grounded terminal of a high voltage power supply when the door is in place and the latch is in the locked position. A test button is arranged so that when it is momentarily depressed and while the latch is locked, the spring contact is also moved towards the plates that are connected to the second terminal of the power supply and charged with the other polarity to thus produce an audible spark indicating the charged condition of the plates. When the latch is moved to the unlocked position, switch means connected therewith de-energizes the power supply. Moving the latch to the unlocked position also moves the spring means to simultaneously connect together precipitator plates of opposite charges and thus short circuit the collector cell and eliminate any residual charge therein.

United States Patent 1 Burney [54] ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR [75] Inventor: Ivan T. Burney, Pittsburgh, Pa.

[73] Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation,

Pittsburgh, Pa.

[22] Filed: Oct. 29, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 193,764

[52] US. Cl. ..55/l04, 55/138, 55/139,

55/143, 55/145, 55/149, 55/154 [51] Int. Cl ..B03c 3/66 [58] Field of Search ..55/104, 138, 139,

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 7/1964 Flagg ..s5 139 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 10/1964 France ..55/l24 Primary Examiner-Dennis E. Talbert, Jr.

A ttorney-F. HfI-Ienson and JTE. make [451 May 22, 1973 57 ABSTRACT A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator is comprised of a spring contact to engage at least one of the plates of one polarity to thereby connect those plates to a first grounded terminal of a high voltage power supply when the door is in place and the latch is in the locked position. A test button is arranged so that when it is momentarily depressed and while the latch is locked, the spring contact is also moved towards the plates that are connected to the second terminal of the power supply and charged with the other polarity to thus produce an audible spark indicating the charged condition of the plates. When the latch is moved to the unlocked position, switch means connected therewith de-energizes the power supply. Moving the latch to the unlocked position also moves the spring means to simultaneously connect together precipitator plates of opposite charges and thus short circuit the collector cell and eliminate any residual charge therein.

6 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures PATENTEL MY 2 2 I973 SHEET 1 BF 3 FIG. I

PATENTEB MAY 2 21975 SHEET 3 OF 3 FIG. 4

FIG.

ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Electrostatic precipitators have long been known in the art of air purification to provide a much improved means for cleaning the air. Dust, smoke and other microscopic contaminants from the atmosphere may be eliminated by first passing both the air and the impurities through a highly charged ionized field which is created by a plurality of ionizer wires in the air intake of the precipitator. Alternate parallel precipitator collector plates are given respective charges alternate to and the same as that of the ionized impurities by means of a power supply. Particles passing through the collector plates will be electrically attracted and held to the oppositely charged plates where they remain until they are removed by a cleaning process. The air leaving the precipitator will be substantially free of such impurities. 1

It therefore becomes necessary to remove the precipitator collector cell to obtain access to the collector plates which have a build up of impurities and a need for cleaning. The requirement arises that a precipitator should have a built in safety feature which will insure that any remnant of the 7,000 volt charge maintained in the collector cell will be dissipated before the user is able to open the precipitator cabinet door to remove the cell for cleaning.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART Prior art schemes such as that found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,438,180 to Klouda may not be completely adequate in providing a totally safe precipitator cleaning operation. Although in Klouda the cabinet door must be in a closed position in order that spring contact means on the door may contact the precipitator plates to electrically connect the power supply to the collector cell, no provisions are made for dissipating any residual charge which might be remaining in the cell after electrical contact between the power supply and the precipitator cabinet has been broken.

It would be more desirable that with the power supply de-energized and before removing the cabinet door, the residual charge remaining in the cabinet could be eliminated. In the instant invention, rotating the cabinet door handle to the unlocked position, forces a spring contact into' contact with collector plates of opposite polarities, one of which is held at a ground potential, thus having the effect of shorting the plates and grounding out any residual charge which might remain which is to be held at ground potential and is to be charged with the same polarity as that of the first or grounded terminal of the power supply while the door handle is in the latching position and the door is secured to the cabinet. Push button means are provided on the cabinet door which, when actuated, will move a portion of the spring contact means also toward the plates to be charged with the opposite polarity to that of the first terminal of the power supply while the door handle is in the latching position and the door is still secured to the cabinet. Since in the latching position, the spring contact means is also contacting at least one plate that is to be held at ground potential and is in the precipitator cell. The cell could then be safely removed and the plates cleaned.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION electrically energizing the power supply while the door handle is in the latching position and the door is secured to the cabinet. Spring contact means are attached to the door panel and are adapted to be moved into contact with at least one of the precipitator plates charged with the same polarity as that of the first power supply terminal, sparking will occur whenever actuating the push button to move the spring toward a plate of the opposite charge. This sparking provides an audible indication that sufficient electrical potential is being supplied to the plates to enable proper operation of the precipitator.

When the door handle is moved to the unlatching position but while the door is still secured to the cabinet, a latching cam mounted on the door handle shaft will rotate and force the spring contact means into contact with at least one of the precipitator plates that is to be charged with an opposite and ungrounded polarity to that of thefirst terminal of the power supply. This shorting of the plates of opposite polarities eliminates the danger of electric shock by removing any residual charge remaining within the collector cell, thus making the cabinet electrically safe for opening.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the electrostatic precipitator with the cabinet door removed and the collector cell slid forward exposing the collector plates;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of the door latch and safety arrangement of this invention with the door handle in the latching position and the door secured to the cabinet;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary front elevation of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 2; and

FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 but taken from the rear of the cabinet door and showing the-door handle and door latch as they would appear in the non-latching position.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIG. 1, an electrostatic precipitator, such as those used in the commercial and residential purification of air, is shown with the cabinet door removed and the collector cell 2 slid forward to expose the groups of collector plates, shown generally by 3a and 3b. The respective groups of collector plates 3a and 3b are electrically connected together in a well known manner, (shown for example at 5) and are respectively to be oppositely charged by a power supply 4 which is capable of maintaining a potential in the order of 7,000 volts DC with collector cell 2-in place. As air enters the precipitator through an inlet screen (not shown), the contaminants within the air are charged by ionizer wires 10. As the charged particles pass between the groups of charged plates 31; and 3b, they will be attracted to and adhere to the plates having an opposite polarity to that of the charged particles.

Clean air, substantially free from dirt and other contaminants will exit through outlet screen 11.

To clean the groups of precipitator plates 3a and 3b which is necessary to maintain proper operation of the precipitator, the collector cell 2 must be removed. According to the invention, a safety feature is built into the precipitator door latch mechanism to insure that before the removal of cabinet door 1, all residual charge existing in collector cell 2 will be eliminated. This is accomplished by a door latch and safety arrangement 9 that is attached to the inside of cabinet door 1 and which will now be described.

Contact spring means 12, which is preferably a strip of spring temper steel, is attached to the lower door mounted bracket 18 by screws 13. Contact spring 12 is double ended, being provided with a short curved end 14 and a longer straight end 16. A shorting lever 17 is attached to the upper door mounted bracket 19 at pivot 20. Shorting lever 17 is adapted to be moved about its pivot 20 and into contact with spring contact means 12 when cam member 22 is rotated. Cam 22 is secured to the door handle shaft 23 and is adapted to rotate when the precipitator cabinet door handle (not shown) is rotated from a latching to a non-latching position. Attached to handle shaft 23 is a door latch 24 which is also capable of being moved from a latching to a non-latching position when the cabinet door handle is rotated in order that cabinet door 1 may be opened and removed. The operation of the door latch and safety arrangement will be explained hereinafter.

P10. 2 shows cabinet door 1 as it is secured to the precipitator cabinet with door latch 24 in the locked position. Rotating cabinet door handle 26 to the latching position causes door latch 24, which is secured to door handle shaft 23, to rotate and thereby close interlocking switch 30 to electrically energize power supply 4. When door 1 is secured to the precipitator cabinet and door handle 26 is in the latched position, curved end 14 of spring contact means 12 is adapted to press against at least one of the precipitator plates 3a that is to be held at ground potential and charged with the same polarity as the grounded negative terminal of the power supply. Curved end 14 of spring contact means 12 serves a dual purpose of pressing against the collector plates to hold collector cell 2 in position while completing the electrical circuit between power supply 4 and cabinet door 1.

It may be desirable to test the precipitator to ascertain whether or not the proper high voltage is being applied to collector cell 2 and that the cell is charged. As shown in H6. 4, with power supply 4 energized and with cabinet door 1 latched, the curved portion 14 of spring contact means 12 presses against the group of precipitator plates 3a to be grounded. When it is desired to test the precipitator, push button means 28 is depressed. Push button 28 extends through hole 25 in door 1 and is attached to the lower end of shorting lever 17 such that pressing push button 28 shown dotted in the depressed position) has the effect of causing shorting lever 17 to pivot and force straight end 16 of spring contact means 12 outward toward a precipitator plate 3b having the high voltage applied thereto which is of an opposite polarity to that of plate 3a. When approximate contact has been made between spring member 16, as shown dotted in FIG. 4, the plate 3b, arcing will occur to result in a short circuit that will be formed between plates 3a and 3b of opposite polarities.

\ The sparking that will occur provides an audible indication, whenever push button 28 is pressed, to confirm that sufficient high voltage is being supplied to the collector cell 2 and that the precipitator plates are sufficiently charged to enable proper operation of the precipitator.

When it becomes necessary to open and remove cabinet door 1 to obtain access to collector cell 2 for cleaning, cabinet door handle 26 must be rotated to the nonlatching position as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in the counterclockwise direction shown by arrow 29. The rotating of handle 26 will also cause door latch 24 to rotate and disengage from interlocking switch 30. Switch 30 which also serves as the on-off switch for the precipitator, will open and thereby electrically de-energize power supply 4. However, before door 1 can be removed, any residual high voltage charge should be removed from collector cell 2 to insure the safety of a user handling the cell. With door 1 still secured to the cabinet, door handle 26, when fully rotated to the nonlatching position as shown by FIG. 5, will cause cam 22, which is attached to door handle shaft 23, to also rotate in the same counterclockwise direction 31 as that of handle 26. Cam 22, when rotated, engages shorting lever 17 and forces it to pivot (in a direction shown by I arrow 27 of FIG. 2) about pivot point 20 thereby bending straight end 16 of spring contact means 12 outwardly until straight end 16 is brought into contact with the edges-of the collector cell high voltage plates 31;. Thus, when the cabinet door 1 is closed and handle 24 is moved to the non-latching position of FIG. 5, curved end 14 of spring contact means 12 will be in contact with the collector plates 3a at ground potential while, at the same time, the straight end 16 of spring contact 12 is in contact with the collector cell plates of the op posite potential. Therefore, the spring contact means 12 will form a short circuit between plates of opposite polarities and act as a high voltage discharge to ground for any residual charge remaining in the collector cell whenever door handle 26 is rotated to the unlatched position but while the door 1 is still closed. Cabinet door 1 may now'be opened and removed, as the collector cell 2 has been conditioned for an electrically safe removal.

It should be understood that with door handle 26 and door latch 24 in the unlatched position, the straight end 16 of spring contact means 12 will be in the same position for contacting the high voltage collector plates 3b (in FIG. 4) as if push button 28 were pressed. Push button 28 is designed to be pressed with handle 26 and door latch 24 in the latched position and with power supply 4 being energized and in the completed circuit to cabinet door 1. Consequently, since curved spring end 14 is also contacting the plates 3a held at ground potential, arcing will occur each time push button 28 is depressed. When handle 26 and door latch 24 are moved fully to the non-latching position, but before cabinet door 1 is removed, power supply 4 will be deenergized and spring contact means 12 will provide a high voltage discharge to ground by the short formed between plates 30 and 3b of opposite polarities. The handle 26 and the door latch 24 may be provided with detent means at an intermediate position where the onoff switch 30 will be in the off position. Thus the handle may also function as the on-off control for the precipitator.

The door latch and safety arrangement of this invention can therefore be made to provide an electrically safe means for removing and cleaning the collector cell or can provide an audible indication to the user that sufficient charge is being applied to the collector plates to enable the precipitator to properly function in cleaning the air.

Various modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. For example, the push button is shown in FIG. 4 to be attached to the shorting lever, but it obvously could be arranged in different manners to engage the spring contact for the purpose intended.

I claim as my invention:

1. A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator cabinet enclosing a stack of precipitator plates alternate ones of which are oppositely charged, said arrangement comprising, a door panel, a latching door handle mounted on said door and movable from a latching to a non-latching position, a power supply for charging said plates, means to connect said door panel to one terminal of said power supply when said door is in the latching position on said cabinet, spring contact means on said door adapted to contact at least one of said plates that is to be charged with the same polarity as the one terminal of said supply when said door is secured to the cabinet in the latching position, and means to move said spring contact means also into contact with at least one of the plates to be charged with the other polarity when said handle is moved out of the latching position while said door is still in place on the cabinet and in its latching position.

2. The invention of claim 1, wherein said spring contact means on said door is adapted to contact at least one terminal of said power supply when the door is secured to the cabinet in a latching position, and additional means being also provided to be operable to move said spring contact means toward at least one of the plates to be charged with the other polarity while said door and door handle are still in place on the cabinet and in the latching position, said additional means, when operated, providing an audible indication that said precipitator plates are electrically charged.

3. The invention of claim 2, wherein the additional means to move said spring contact means toward at least one of the plates that is to be charged with the other polarity is a push button which engages said spring to move the spring toward said plates as the push button is depressed to thus cause an audible spark to occur.

4. The invention of claim 1, wherein switch means are provided for de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position.

- 5. The invention of claim 2 wherein switch means are provided for de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position.

6. The invention of claim 2 wherein switch means are provided for de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position.

* III 

1. A door latch and safety arrangement for an electrostatic precipitator cabinet enclosing a stack of precipitator plates alternate ones of which are oppositely charged, said arrangement coMprising, a door panel, a latching door handle mounted on said door and movable from a latching to a non-latching position, a power supply for charging said plates, means to connect said door panel to one terminal of said power supply when said door is in the latching position on said cabinet, spring contact means on said door adapted to contact at least one of said plates that is to be charged with the same polarity as the one terminal of said supply when said door is secured to the cabinet in the latching position, and means to move said spring contact means also into contact with at least one of the plates to be charged with the other polarity when said handle is moved out of the latching position while said door is still in place on the cabinet and in its latching position.
 2. The invention of claim 1, wherein said spring contact means on said door is adapted to contact at least one terminal of said power supply when the door is secured to the cabinet in a latching position, and additional means being also provided to be operable to move said spring contact means toward at least one of the plates to be charged with the other polarity while said door and door handle are still in place on the cabinet and in the latching position, said additional means, when operated, providing an audible indication that said precipitator plates are electrically charged.
 3. The invention of claim 2, wherein the additional means to move said spring contact means toward at least one of the plates that is to be charged with the other polarity is a push button which engages said spring to move the spring toward said plates as the push button is depressed to thus cause an audible spark to occur.
 4. The invention of claim 1, wherein switch means are provided for de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position.
 5. The invention of claim 2 wherein switch means are provided for de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position.
 6. The invention of claim 2 wherein switch means are provided for de-energizing said power supply when said door handle is first moved from the latching position towards the non-latching position. 